I don't think you'll be able to fit the Golden Gate into your drive, at least according to your current plan.

Just getting to the Bridge would be at least a 30 minute drive, one way from the airport. And really, after getting to the bridge, you'd basically have to cross it, and then turn around and go right back over it to be on the direct route from Yosemite. I'd say in the best case, you'd be looking at an extra hour of travel, but probably more with traffic.

If you are scheduled to land at 1, its probably optimistic to even expect to be on the road before 2 by the time you get your bags and your car. So even leaving right then, you wouldn't be getting to Yosemite until the early evening. The longer you'd wait, the more likely you'd be hitting traffic, and the more likely you'd be approaching the park in the dark.

You also didn't say where you are from, but keep in mind, you'll most likely be looking at some jet lag issues too. Since you want to see the Golden Gate, you might be better off spending the afternoon exploring SF, and then waiting a day to head off to Yosemite.

As far as your Palm Springs area question, my advice would be pretty simple: don't to become a hostage of Google Earth - or any other computer program. One of the great joys of a roadtrip is to be able to set your own route and timetable. Keeping that in mind, If you want to visit a museum thats 30 miles off the direct route, by all means do it!