Weather and road conditions permitting, you can drive from CdA to Kalispell in 4 hours via I-90/MT-135/MT-200/MT-28/US-93. Being that the GTSR is closed in the winter, you will have to come back out of Glacier the same way you went in. The quickest route back to I-90 is back to Kalispell and US-93.
Unless you are dedicated winter outdoors types, I'd really recommend you visit Glacier during the summer when the whole park is open to wheeled vehicles. I feel the same way about Yellowstone.